Chapter 1. Government Coordination
In the event of a disaster, local government officials must know whom to
contact for assistance and must understand the roles and responsibilities of the other
governmental agencies involved in order to effectively coordinate recovery efforts. This
chapter outlines the roles and responsibilities of the local, State, and federal agencies
with respect to disaster debris management.
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2. Predisaster Assessment
This chapter discusses the need to conduct a program assessment in each
community to determine the quantity and types of materials likely to be generated in a
particular disaster. This is important because development of particular diversion
programs will depend on the type and amount of debris generated as well as the end-uses
identified for the materials.
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Chapter 3. Debris Management ProgramsThis chapter contains the "how-to" information a local
jurisdiction would need to establish a debris management program. Three programs are
highlighted: curbside collection, building demolition, and household hazardous waste.Chapter 3
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Chapter 4. Temporary Storage Sites
Local governments have identified temporary storage sites as the primary
obstacle in establishing a debris management program. Without the ability to stockpile or
store the disaster debris until such time as a jurisdiction can turn its attention to
processing and marketing the materials, the debris is probably destined for the landfill. This
chapter will discuss determining the need for temporary storage sites and the criteria to
use in selecting such sites.
Chapter 4
Checklist Contracts and franchise agreements are pivotal to ensuring a successful
debris management program. Unless diversion is specified, it is likely the collected
debris will be disposed of. By developing model contracts for debris removal and
recycling, and by prequalifying contractors in advance, a jurisdiction can save valuable
time in implementing its recovery operations.
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Chapter 6. ReimbursementA disaster can be devastating to a jurisdiction's resources,
both in personnel and in funds. The job of protecting lives and property will begin
immediately after the disaster; however, funding from the State and FEMA will not follow
so quickly. To get started in its recovery efforts, a jurisdiction must be
knowledgeable about the state and federal reimbursement programs and the process for
requesting funding. This chapter also provides guidelines for receiving reimbursement for
recycling programs even if they are not "least cost" as is FEMA's policy. Chapter 6
Each local jurisdiction relies first on its own resources,
then calls for assistance. This chapter provides an overview of the different mutual
aid agreements that a jurisdiction can develop or become a signatory to: Public Works
Mutual Aid, Public Information Officers Mutual Aid and Emergency Managers Mutual Aid.Chapter 7
Chapter 8. Curbside Collection Program
One of the primary methods used by jurisdictions to remove
material after a disaster is a curbside
waste pickup program. Cities and counties
implement curbside pickup programs to remove debris from the street after businesses and
homeowners have placed the materials in front of the property.
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Chapter 9. Building Demolition Program
This chapter sets forth general guidelines for establishing a
building demolition program, emphasizing diversion (reuse, recycling) of waste generated
as a result of the demolition. The information presented here is taken primarily from the
City of Los Angeles' building demolition and debris removal program initiated after the
1994 Northridge earthquake and the County of Humboldt's demolition program after the 1992
earthquake. These demolition programs are offered as examples of how two jurisdictions
approached the task of setting up such a program.
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Chapter 10. Household Hazardous Waste and
Disaster Planning
The purpose of this chapter is to provide assistance to local
jurisdictions in developing a disaster plan for the collection of household hazardous
wastes (HHW). The purpose of disaster planning for HHW is to minimize potential public
health and safety impacts, as well as to minimize costs and confusion.
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Chapter 11. Public Information Program
The success of a diversion program lies with the
effectiveness of its public information or outreach program. An effective public
information program will realize two goals: Provide adequate advertisement of the debris
collection program and Educate the residents and contractors involved in carrying out the
program. Unless this program is taken seriously and resources applied to implement it,
plans to recycle and otherwise divert the disaster debris may go unrealized.
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Chapter 12. Rebuilding Using
Recycled-Content Products
After the disaster recovery is well underway, residents and
businesses will begin rebuilding. Rebuilding includes two aspects that are important for
disaster planning: Selecting recycled-content products (RCP) for building, Separating
materials at the construction jobsite to maximize recovery.
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Chapter 13. Standardized Emergency
Management System
As a result of the 1991 East Bay Hills Fire in Oakland
(Oakland Firestorm), Senate Bill 1841 was passed by the Legislature and made effective
1/1/93. The law is found in Section 8607 of the California Government Code. The intent of
this law is to improve the coordination of state and local emergency response in
California. The Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) regulations took effect in
September of 1994.
The use of SEMS is required for State response agencies. Local
government agencies must use SEMS if they are to receive State funding for extraordinary
response personnel costs resulting from a disaster.
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Chapter 14. Emergency and Disaster
Declaration Process
The process to request State and/or federal assistance after
a disaster or emergency is initiated when the local governing body or the Governor submits
a formal request to the appropriate State or federal office.
This chapter covers the declaration of a local emergency, funding for the NDAA program,
and the assistance available with a Governor's Proclamation of a State of Emergency.
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Chapter 15. State Natural Disaster
Assistance (NDAA) Program
The Natural Disaster Assistance Act (NDAA) is activated
after: A local declaration of emergency, A Governor's Proclamation of a State Emergency
and A Presidential Declaration of a Major Disaster or Emergency.
Once the NDAA is
activated, local government is eligible for certain types of assistance, depending upon
the specific declaration or proclamation issued. This chapter outlines the types of
assistance available and the application procedure for requesting that assistance.
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Chapter 16. Federal Public Assistance
Program
It is the responsibility of the local communities and the
State to respond when a natural disaster occurs; however, the results of the disaster may
overwhelm their combined efforts to effectively handle the recovery. In these instances,
the State can request federal assistance to supplement the State and local efforts.
This
chapter provides an overview of federal assistance available under the Robert T. Stafford
Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act and the Federal Response Plan.
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Three case studies are included in this plan--the 1991
Oakland Firestorm, and the City of Los Angeles and the City of Santa Clarita responses to
the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The case studies examine how each city established
diversion programs to handle the disaster debris generated within their communities and
offer some lessons learned and planning guidelines for future events.
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